A gender-based analysis of self-efficacy and foreign language anxiety among Vietnamese undergraduates

Do Quoc Minh Chau

doi:10.65956/ltlt.2026.97

Authors

Do Quoc Minh Chau Corresponding author email: chau.dqm@vlu.edu.vn Van Lang University https://orcid.org/0009-0002-0631-2630

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.65956/ltlt.2026.97

Keywords:

foreign language anxiety, gender, self-efficacy, Vietnamese undergraduates

Abstract

This study examined the relationship between self-efficacy and foreign language anxiety (FLA) among Vietnamese undergraduates. Although prior research has identified self-efficacy as a strong predictor of students’ academic success, its role may differ in the specific context of foreign language learning and across genders. Data were collected from 323 English as a Foreign Language (EFL) students (155 males and 168 females) across various universities in Ho Chi Minh City, Vietnam. The study employed the New General Self-Efficacy Scale and the Foreign Language Classroom Anxiety Scale as research instruments. Results indicated a moderate negative correlation between self-efficacy and FLA (r = -.46, p < .001), and self-efficacy moderately predicted FLA (R² = .208, p < .001). Although no statistically significant differences between males and females in levels of self-efficacy and FLA were found, a moderation analysis revealed that the relationship between self-efficacy and FLA was stronger for male students (b = -.53) than for female students (b = -.25). These findings provide insight into the role of self-efficacy in foreign language learning, particularly in relation to gender differences. The study also suggests directions for future research.

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